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The Christology

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 Christology Christology is the branch of theology that studies the person and work of Jesus Christ—who He is (His person) and what He has done (His work). It is a central doctrine of the Christian faith, since the identity of Christ shapes everything else in theology. Key Areas: - The Person of Christ: Christology examines how Jesus is both fully divine and fully human in one person. The Council of Chalcedon (AD 451) defined this as the "hypostatic union"—two natures (divine and human) united in one person (hypostasis) without confusion, change, division, or separation. - The Deity of Christ: Scripture affirms that Jesus is God (John 1:1; Colossians 2:9; Titus 2:13). He is eternal, preexistent, and shares the divine essence with the Father and the Spirit. - The Humanity of Christ: Jesus is also fully human—He was born, grew, experienced hunger, sorrow, and death (Hebrews 4:15). His humanity is essential for Him to represent humanity and to atone for sin. - The Work of Christ...
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The Trinity

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The Trinity The Trinity is the Christian doctrine that God exists as one God in three distinct persons: the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. These three are coequal, coeternal, and consubstantial (of the same divine essence), yet they are not three gods but one God. Key Points: - One Essence, Three Persons: God is one in being or substance, but eternally exists in three distinct persons. Each person is fully God, not merely a part or mode of God. - Distinct but Not Separate: The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are distinct in their relationships and roles, but they are not separate beings. The Father is not the Son, the Son is not the Spirit, and the Spirit is not the Father—yet each is fully God. - Biblical Basis: The doctrine is derived from passages such as Matthew 28:19 ("baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit"), 2 Corinthians 13:14, and John 1:1–14. The word "Trinity" itself is not in the Bible but was fo...
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Proper Theology (The Doctrine of God: His attributes, names, and oneness)

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 Proper Theology (The Doctrine of God) Proper Theology is the branch of systematic theology that studies God as He is in Himself—His essence, attributes, names, and oneness. - His Attributes: God's perfections as revealed in Scripture, often divided into incommunicable attributes (unique to God, such as omnipotence, omniscience, omnipresence, immutability, and eternity) and communicable attributes (those He shares with humanity in measure, such as love, holiness, justice, mercy, and faithfulness). - His Names: The names of God in Scripture reveal His character and nature. Examples include Elohim (the powerful Creator), Yahweh (the self-existent, covenant God, "I AM WHO I AM"), Adonai (Lord and Master), and El Shaddai (God Almighty). In the New Testament, Jesus is called Kyrios (Lord) and God is revealed as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. - His Oneness: God is one in essence—there is only one true God (Deuteronomy 6:4, "Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God, the LORD is one...
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Messianic Judaism

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Messianic Judaism Messianic Judaism is a religious movement that blends Jewish identity and tradition with faith in Jesus (Yeshua) as the Messiah. Adherents are typically Jewish people (and some Gentiles) who believe that Jesus is the promised Jewish Messiah, while continuing to embrace Jewish customs, holidays, and worship practices. Key Features: - Yeshua as Messiah: Members believe Jesus is the Messiah foretold in the Hebrew Scriptures (Tanakh), but they typically reject the label "Christian" and prefer to worship within a Jewish framework. - Jewish Practice: They observe Jewish traditions such as Shabbat, kosher dietary laws, Passover, and other festivals, viewing them as expressions of covenant identity rather than mere rituals. - Congregational Life: Worship services are held in "Messianic synagogues," often combining Hebrew liturgy, Torah readings, and prayers with New Testament teachings. Services may include Davidic dance and the use of traditional Jewish s...
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Explaining the Resurrection - 3

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Explaining the Resurrection - 3 Another Perspective APOLOGETICS DOCUMENT SUPPORTING EVIDENCE FOR THE MIRACLES OF EGYPT (The Time of Joseph & Moses) Purpose: To show that the biblical miracles in Egypt are not merely myths, but have correlation with archaeological findings and ancient texts. --- A. MIRACLES IN THE TIME OF JOSEPH (Genesis 37–50) Event | Finding | Support | Strength of Evidence 7 years of plenty, 7 years of famine | Records of severe drought in the Middle Bronze Age (2100–1700 BC) throughout the Near East; Egyptian inscriptions mention "years of famine" | Moderate Joseph became second ruler in Egypt | Semitic-style tomb at Avaris (Tell el-Dab'a) with a statue in a colorful robe, nicknamed the "Asiatic King" | Moderate Joseph was slandered by Potiphar's wife | Papyrus D'Orbiney (The Tale of Two Brothers)—an ancient Egyptian story about a wife who seduces a righteous young man then slanders him | Strong (indirect) Name "Zaphenath-Pan...
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Explaining the Resurrection - 2

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Explaining the Resurrection - 2 Another Perspective Hypothesis: "The sixth-year blessing" which occurred repeatedly over centuries (not just once) proves that biblical miracles are not subjective interpretations of rare natural phenomena, but real acts of God's sovereign power. Let us examine this with Scripture. --- 1. The sixth-year blessing: Repeated miracles as the norm Leviticus 25:20-21 is not a one-time story, but a legal statute for as long as Israel dwelt in the land of Canaan. This means: Every 7-year cycle, in the 6th year, God miraculously gave a 3-year harvest (the 6th year itself + the 7th Sabbath year + the 8th year. Chronologically it needs to be noted, but the point is: extraordinary yield). Implication: If this miracle occurred every 7 years for hundreds of years (during the judges, the kingdom, until the exile), then miracles are a reliable pattern of God's work, not a once-in-a-lifetime anomaly. --- 2. Comparison with other "unreasonable"...
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Explaining the Resurrection - 1

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Explaining the Resurrection - 1 Another Perspective A hypothesis: Jesus spoke about "destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up" (John 2:19). Leviticus 25:20-21 about the three-year blessing from the sixth year's harvest shows that God is able to surpass the seemingly inevitable laws of nature—including death. The resurrection explains what is meant by the will of God. And because the resurrection is something Jesus did by His own will (see Lazarus and the event at Nain) it explains who He is. The simple explanation: 1. Jesus was not talking about the physical temple, but about His own body (John 2:21). 2. The will of God here is that life is not determined absolutely by biological processes, but by the creative and resurrecting word of God (compare Romans 4:17: "God who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist"). 3. Leviticus 25 shows the same principle: God commands blessing, and the land yields a three-year h...
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